917365db-301c-42c3-98d4-68bb2c0b3d02BF Tinplate coilblast furnace routesingle route, at plantcarbon steel, 1.02 mm thicknessMaterials productionMetals and semimetalsThe data set covers all relevant process steps / technologies over the supply chain of the represented cradle to gate inventory with a good overall data quality. The inventory is mainly based on industry data and is completed, where necessary, by secondary data. This data set is based on primary data from internationally adopted production processes, connected with regional precursor chains.0The data set represents the country/ region specific situation in Germany by focusing on the main technologies and the legislative conditions of the region.Foreground system:
The data set represents the steel production based on the main production steps which take place within an integrated steel plant. These production steps as well as the main upstream process steps are described in the following. The main primary products are iron ore, pellets and hard coal. The preparation of the iron ore includes mainly the crushing. The average iron content in the iron ore is 60%. Pellets are small crystallized balls of iron ore. The pelletisation process consists of grinding and drying, balling and induration followed by screening and handling. The provision of hard coal is described in the respective documentation file (please see link below). The coke oven produces as main product coke out of hard coal. The main by-product resulting from this operation is coke oven gas (COG gas) which is used as energy carrier within the steel production. Further by-products as tar, benzene and sulphur are sold and therefore excluded from the system by allocation to (net) calorific value. In the sinter plant sinter feed is produced based on the major inputs coke, iron ore and additives. Sintering is an agglomeration process which takes place under high temperatures. The raw materials (fine iron ore, coke breeze, additives) are blended, then the coke breeze is ignited. The result of the sinter process is the so-called sinter cake which has to be broken up, screened and cooled down. The blast furnace is a closed system into which iron bearing materials (iron ore lump, sinter and / or pellets), additives (slag formers such as limestone) and reducing agents (coke) are continuously fed from the top of the furnace shaft through a charging system. A hot air blast, enriched with oxygen and auxiliary reducing agents (e.g. pulverized coal) is injected providing a counter-current of reducing gases. The air blast reacts with the reducing agents to produce mainly carbon monoxide which in turn reduces iron oxides to metal iron. The main products of the blast furnace operation are hot metal, blast furnace gas (BF gas) and blast furnace slag (BF slag). The BF gas is used as fuel for heating comparable to the COG gas or for electricity production. The objective in oxygen steelmaking is to burn (i.e., oxidise) the undesirable impurities contained in the metallic feedstock. The main elements thus converted into oxides are carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulphur. The purpose of this oxidation process, therefore, are to reduce the carbon content to a specified level to adjust the contents of desirable foreign elements and to remove undesirable impurities to the greatest possible extent. The production of steel by the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process is a discontinuous process which involves the following steps: transfer and storage of hot metal, pre-treatment of hot metal (desulphurisation), oxidation in the BOF (decarburisation and oxidation of impurities) and secondary metallurgical treatment (e.g. vacuum treatment and adding alloying elements). Within the main step of the oxygen steelmaking, the hot metal feeds together with steel scrap the converter. The main products of the converter are the liquid steel, the converter gas or basic oxygen furnace gas (BOF gas) and the BOF slag. The gas is as well used as energy carrier within the steel production. Afterwards the continuous casting takes place whereby the liquid steel is cast in continuous strand. The output of the continuous casting process is the slab. The following operations are two rolling processes: the hot strip mill and the cold rolling mill. In the hot rolling mill the slab is reshaped above the recrystallization temperature. The qualities obtained in this process are e.g. strength and surface quality. During the rolling process the material passes through the furnace and the rolling line. In the furnace the metal is preheated by natural gas. There is no need for an additional warming, if the hot slabs are directly charged into the rolling mill. The forming is done in various rolling frames until the final shape is obtained. The steel scrap in this process are directly recycled. In the cold rolling mill the material is reshaped below the recrystallization temperature. Thereby a enhanced surface quality, an improved dimensional accuracy as well as a higher strength are achieved. The different process steps are: pickling, the rolling line and the heat treatment.
Background system:
Electricity: Electricity from renewable and non- renewable powerplants is modelled so that it represents a country’s specific consumption mix including transmission / distribution losses, own consumption, imports, emissions and efficiency standards, and energy carrier properties. Several factors are taken into account. (1) Energy carrier production - The exploration, mining / production, processing, and transportation of energy carrier supply chains are modelled for each country. The models account for differences among countries in production and processing, including crude oil production technologies, flaring rates, production efficiencies, emissions, etc. (2) Energy carrier supply - Each country’s specific energy carrier supply is modelled, taking into account domestic supply versus imports from abroad. Energy carrier properties (e.g. carbon and energy content), which can vary depending from where an energy carrier is sourced, are adjusted accordingly. (3) Power plants - Models are created to represent energy carrier-specific power plants and electricity generation facilities specific to different renewable energy resources. Energy carrier production and supply models are used to represent power plant inputs. Combined heat and power (CHP) plants are also considered. (4) Electricity grid - Models representing the electricity generation facilities are combined into a larger model that reflects a country’s consumption mix. The larger model accounts for a country’s production mix, internal consumption (e.g. pumped storage for hydro power), transmission / distribution losses, and imported electricity. The country model is also adjusted according to national power plant emission and efficiency standards, as well as the country’s share of electricity plants versus CHP facilities.
Thermal energy, process steam: The thermal energy and process steam supply is modelled to reflect each country’s emission standards and typical energy carriers (e.g., coal, natural gas, etc.) Both thermal energy and process steam are assumed to be produced at heat plants. Thermal energy datasets assume energy carrier inputs are converted to thermal energy with 100% efficiency; process steam datasets assume conversion efficiencies of 85%, 90% to 95%. The energy carriers used for the generation of thermal energy and process steam are modelled according to each country’s import situation (see electricity above).
Transportation: All relevant and known transportation processes are included. Ocean-going and inland ship transport as well as rail, truck and pipeline transport of bulk commodities are considered.
Energy carriers: The energy carriers and their respective properties are modelled according to the specific supply situation (see electricity above).
Refinery products: Diesel fuel, gasoline, technical gases, fuel oils, lubricants and residues such as bitumen are modelled with a parameterised country-specific refinery model. The refinery model aims to represent each country’s refining processes (e.g. emissions levels, internal energy consumption, etc.), as well as the country’s product output spectrum, which can vary significantly among countries. The supply of crude oil is likewise modelled according to the country-specific situation and accounts for differences in resource properties (e.g., crude oil energy content).Sulphuric acid mix (96%)Degreasing agent (aluminium)Steel alloying elements (FeMn, FeSi)Lime (CaO; quicklime lumpy)Oxygen (gaseous)Limestone flour (CaCO3; dried)Nitrogen (gaseous)Thermal energy from natural gasElectricity grid mixLubricants at refineryDiesel mix at refineryTap water from surface waterBenzene mixSulphur (elemental) at refineryInert matter (Steel) on landfillHard coal mixProcess steam from natural gas 85%Bitumen at refineryLimestone (CaCO3; washed)Thermal energy from natural gasThe steel coil is a semi- finished rolling product used for further processing into steel construction parts.Metals_blast furnace with upstream material.JPGPartly terminated systemAttributionalNoneAllocation - market valueAllocation - net calorific valueAllocation - exergetic contentAllocation - massNot applicableForeground system: For the foreground system, no allocation was applied.
Background system: For the combined heat and power production, allocation by exergetic content is applied. For the electricity generation and by-products, e.g. gypsum, allocation by market value is applied due to no common physical properties. Within the refinery allocation by net calorific value and mass is used. For the combined crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids production allocation by net calorific value is applied.
For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"Foreground system: none
Background system: All data used in the calculation of the LCI results refer to net calorific value.NoneGaBi Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Water Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Energy Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Refinery Modelling PrinciplesGaBi Agriculture Model DocumentationGaBi Land Use Change Model DocumentationCut-off rules for each unit process: Coverage of at least 95 % of mass and energy of the input and output flows, and 98 % of their environmental relevance (according to expert judgement).
For further details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneLCI modelling is fully consistent. For details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneFor details please see the document "GaBi Databases Modelling Principles"NoneKompendium "Abenteuer Stahl", 2003Best Available Techniques Reference Document on the Production of Iron and Steel., 2001Ref. Doc. on Best Available Techniques in the Ferrous Metals Processing Industry - Endentwurf 2005Stahldaten der ThyssenKrupp AG, 20040.0n/an/an/aThe data set represents a cradle to gate inventory. It can be used to characterise the supply chain situation of the respective commodity in a representative manner. Combination with individual unit processes using this commodity enables the generation of user-specific (product) LCAs.No statementCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl biogenic carbonCML2001 - Apr. 2015, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Human Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (MAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (FAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2015, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)Acidification midpoint (v1.06)Anthropogenic Abiotic Depletion Potential (AADP), TU BerlinBlue water consumptionBlue water useCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Freshwater Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (FAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years), excl biogenic carbonCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), excl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), incl bio. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100), Land Use Change only, no norm/weightCML2001 - Apr. 2013, Human Toxicity Potential (HTP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Marine Aquatic Ecotoxicity Pot. (MAETP inf.)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Apr. 2013, Terrestric Ecotoxicity Potential (TETP inf.)Ecotoxicity freshwater midpoint (v1.06)EDIP 2003, Acidification potentialEDIP 2003, Aquatic eutrophicationEDIP 2003, Global warmingEDIP 2003, Photochemical ozone formation - impact on human health and materialsEDIP 2003, Photochemical ozone formation - impact on vegetationEDIP 2003, Stratospheric ozone depletionEDIP 2003, Terrestrial eutrophicationEutrophication freshwater midpoint (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, cancer effects (v1.06)Human toxicity midpoint, non-cancer effects (v1.06)I02+ v2.1 - Aquatic acidification - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Aquatic ecotoxicity - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Aquatic eutrophication - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Carcinogens - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Global warming 500yr - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Ionizing radiation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Land occupation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Mineral extraction - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Non-carcinogens - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Non-renewable energy - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Ozone layer depletion - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Photochemical oxidation - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Respiratory effects - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Terrestrial acidification/nutrification - MidpointI02+ v2.1 - Terrestrial ecotoxicity - MidpointIonizing radiation midpoint, human health (v1.06)IPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GTP50, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GTP50, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP100, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP100, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP20, excl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbonIPCC AR5 GWP20, incl biogenic carbon, incl Land Use Change, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightIPCC AR5 GWP20, Land Use Change only, no norm/weightClimate change midpoint, excl biogenic carbon (v1.06)Climate change midpoint, incl biogenic carbon (v1.06)Eutrophication marine midpoint (v1.06)Ozone depletion midpoint (v1.06)Particulate matter/Respiratory inorganics midpoint (v1.06)Photochemical ozone formation midpoint, human health (v1.06)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy demand from ren. and non ren. resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from non renewable resources (net cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (gross cal. value)Primary energy from renewable resources (net cal. value)ReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Ecosystems, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Climate change Human Health, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Endpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (E) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (H) - Water depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Agricultural land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, default, excl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, excl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biog. C, incl LUC, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, incl biogenic carbonReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Climate change, LUC only, no norm/weightReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Fossil depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Freshwater eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Human toxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ionising radiationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Marine eutrophicationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Metal depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Natural land transformationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Ozone depletionReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Particulate matter formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Photochemical oxidant formationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial acidificationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Terrestrial ecotoxicityReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Urban land occupationReCiPe 1.08 Midpoint (I) - Water depletionResource depletion, mineral, fossils and renewables, midpoint (v1.06)Eutrophication terrestrial midpoint (v1.06)Total freshwater consumption (including rainwater)Resource depletion water, midpoint (v1.06)Total freshwater useTRACI 2.1, AcidificationTRACI 2.1, Ecotoxicity (recommended)TRACI 2.1, EutrophicationTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, excl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl biogenic carbon, incl LUC, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, incl. biogenic carbonTRACI 2.1, Global Warming Air, LUC only, no norm/weightTRACI 2.1, Human Health Particulate AirTRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)TRACI 2.1, Ozone Depletion AirTRACI 2.1, Resources, Fossil fuelsTRACI 2.1, Smog AirUBP 2013, Carcinogenic substances into airUBP 2013, Energy resourcesUBP 2013, Global warmingUBP 2013, Global warming, incl Land Use ChangeUBP 2013, Global warming, Land Use Change onlyUBP 2013, Heavy metals into airUBP 2013, Heavy metals into soilUBP 2013, Heavy metals into waterUBP 2013, Land useUBP 2013, Main air pollutantsUBP 2013, Mineral resourcesUBP 2013, Non radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Ozone layer depletionUBP 2013, Pesticides into soilUBP 2013, POP into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into airUBP 2013, Radioactive substances into waterUBP 2013, Radioactive waste to depositUBP 2013, Water pollutantsUBP 2013, Water resourcesUSEtox, Ecotoxicity (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, cancer (recommended)USEtox, Human toxicity, non-canc. (recommended)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Global Warming Potential (GWP 100 years)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Eutrophication Potential (EP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Acidification Potential (AP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Photochem. Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP, steady state)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Abiotic Depletion (ADP fossil)CML2001 - Nov. 2010, Abiotic Depletion (ADP elements)The LCI method applied is in compliance with ISO 14040 and 14044. The documentation includes all relevant information in view of the data quality and scope of the application of the respective LCI result / data set. The dataset represents the state-of-the-art in view of the referenced functional unit.thinkstepIABP-GaBiIBP-GaBiOverall quality according to different validation schemes
GaBi = 1,8 interpreted into "good overall quality" in the GaBi quality validation scheme
ILCD = 1,9 interpreted into "basic overall quality" in the ILCD quality validation scheme
PEF = 1,8 interpreted into "very good overall quality" in the PEF quality validation schemeThe dataset and systems, which are provided with our software and databases for public use into a broad user community, are constantly used, compared, benchmarked, screened, reviewed and results published in various external, professional and third party LCA applications in industry, academia and politics. So user feedback via the online GaBi forum or direct via user information is a standard routine in the maintenance and update process and leads to stable quality and constant control and improvement of data, if knowledge or technology improves or industrial process chains develop or change.GaBi user forumGaBi bug forumGaBi user communityGaBi conformity systemFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantFully compliantNot definedUNEP SETAC Life Cycle InitiativeNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedNot definedILCD Data Network - Entry-levelNot definedNot definedFully compliantNot definedNot definedNot definedthinkstepThis background LCI data set can be used for any types of LCA studies.thinkstep2020-01-21T09:15:56.000ILCD format 1.1thinkstepNo official approval by producer or operator2020-01-21T09:15:56.00000.00.001Data set finalised; entirely publishedGaBi databasesthinksteptrueOtherGaBi (source code, database including extension modules and single data sets, documentation) remains property of thinkstep AG. thinkstep AG delivers GaBi licenses comprising data storage medium and manual as ordered by the customer. The license guarantees the right of use for one installation of GaBi. Further installations using the same license are not permitted. Additional licenses are only valid if the licensee holds at least one main license. Licenses are not transferable and must only be used within the licensee's organisation. Data sets may be copied for internal use. The number of copies is restricted to the number of licenses of the software system GaBi the licensee owns. The right of use is exclusively valid for the licensee. All rights reserved.Steel tinplated steelOutput1000.01000.00Mixed primary / secondaryMeasuredvaluable